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II-052a A01 smuggling Introduction.(0.30”) He learnt about smuggling from a very early age. A lot of mules, old cows, sheep, parcels… were passed over through his barn. In the parcels there were bottles, tobacco, buttones… all the people on his mother’s side were at the smuggling. The mules came from Hazparne and then they were taken over “by strings”. The mule smuggling.He began to work at seventeen. Before that he used to do some smuggling with mares. The ones who did the smuggling were farmers. The lorry parts were taken to Guipúzcoa, Bilbao and Pamplona. A lot of copper was also smuggled. A lot of the smuggling was coming from Switzerland.The Civil guards were easy to buy off. The wardens were not so easy.There were also people, jews and others, who were smuggled over.When the Germans and the Americans were there they used to use some letters made by Basque-speaking coronels authorizing them to work on the pastures. The Germans killed some smugglers, but they, the young people, were not afraid.