Dialects
On this page you will find the dialects of the areas and locations as two types of classification: traditional classification of Louis Bonaparte Loucien Koldo Zuazo current classification. By clicking on each of them, may find the description of the dialect and the towns belonging to it.
Navarro-labourdin
Situation
For Koldo Zuazo, Navarro-labourdin is a dialect with few distinctive features and little homogeneity. However, the differences noted between its different forms of speech are not major ones and for this reason a single dialect is distinguished in the new classification, as opposed to the three distinguished by Bonaparte.
Three different subdialects may be distinguished: western, interior and eastern. Furthermore, two transition groups are distinguished: Kostatarra –coastal– (transition between Navarro-labourdin and the central dialect) and Mixe (transition between Navarro-labourdin and Souletin).
This dialect is spoken throughout Low Navarre and in three places in High Navarre: Zugarramurdi, Urdax and Valcarlos.
Main characteristics
1/ The treatment known as zuketa and xuketa is very widespread in this dialect. In the case of zuka treatment, nik dizut ‘nik dut’, and that of xuka treatment, nik dixut ‘nik dut’.
2/ There is no palatization after the i vowel: edozoini, gainetik, etxezaina, etxeraino... Sometimes even both ñ and ll of Romance origin are depalatized in in and il: botoila ’botila’, mainatu ‘bañatu’...
E.g.: profitatu ute anitz mendi hori
orai guk hestian min iten du
makur ukaiten ziena Luzaideko kabaladunek
ta gaineat errain dizut gauza at
bana horren gainian denak elgar hartiak gira
pazientziaikilan
3/ Instead of the tx- present in the other dialects, Navarro-labourdin has an x-: xapela, ximista, xixtu, xoko...
4/ The Romance ending –on becomes –oin in this dialect: arrazoin, meloin, kartoin...
E.g.: eztut uste arrazoin haundik bauten hola hola agertzeko
5/ The Romance ending —age becomes —aia in Navarro-labourdin: lengoaia, salbaia ‘basatia’, bisaia ‘aurpegia’...
6/ Words which in other dialects are inor and other similar ones are in this dialect nehor, nehori, nehun ...
E.g.: guk eztuu nehori esplikazione eman behar
7/ As far as lexicon is concerned, mention may be made of the following terms: fitsik ‘deus’, guri ‘bigun‘, ortzantz ‘trumoia’...
Navarro-labourdin
Situation
For Koldo Zuazo, Navarro-labourdin is a dialect with few distinctive features and little homogeneity. However, the differences noted between its different forms of speech are not major ones and for this reason a single dialect is distinguished in the new classification, as opposed to the three distinguished by Bonaparte.
Three different subdialects may be distinguished: western, interior and eastern. Furthermore, two transition groups are distinguished: Kostatarra –coastal– (transition between Navarro-labourdin and the central dialect) and Mixe (transition between Navarro-labourdin and Souletin).
This dialect is spoken throughout Low Navarre and in three places in High Navarre: Zugarramurdi, Urdax and Valcarlos.
Main characteristics
1/ The treatment known as zuketa and xuketa is very widespread in this dialect. In the case of zuka treatment, nik dizut ‘nik dut’, and that of xuka treatment, nik dixut ‘nik dut’.
2/ There is no palatization after the i vowel: edozoini, gainetik, etxezaina, etxeraino... Sometimes even both ñ and ll of Romance origin are depalatized in in and il: botoila ’botila’, mainatu ‘bañatu’...
E.g.: profitatu ute anitz mendi hori
orai guk hestian min iten du
makur ukaiten ziena Luzaideko kabaladunek
ta gaineat errain dizut gauza at
bana horren gainian denak elgar hartiak gira
pazientziaikilan
3/ Instead of the tx- present in the other dialects, Navarro-labourdin has an x-: xapela, ximista, xixtu, xoko...
4/ The Romance ending –on becomes –oin in this dialect: arrazoin, meloin, kartoin...
E.g.: eztut uste arrazoin haundik bauten hola hola agertzeko
5/ The Romance ending —age becomes —aia in Navarro-labourdin: lengoaia, salbaia ‘basatia’, bisaia ‘aurpegia’...
6/ Words which in other dialects are inor and other similar ones are in this dialect nehor, nehori, nehun ...
E.g.: guk eztuu nehori esplikazione eman behar
7/ As far as lexicon is concerned, mention may be made of the following terms: fitsik ‘deus’, guri ‘bigun‘, ortzantz ‘trumoia’...